Wet Mix Shotcrete Used in Subsea Tunnel Environments
To reject the claim that the use of accelerator in shotcrete reduces the compressive strength with time, lately cored samples were taken from an 18 to 19 years old concrete. A wet mixed...
Austrian Guideline and National Report on the Use of Shotcrete
The purpose of this guideline is the standardization of quality and a uniform procedure for the production and testing of shotcrete from the technical and engineering point of view. In...
Shotcrete Tests at the Fish Ecca Tunnel
The Fish-Ecca Tunnel is situated in the Eastern Cape and forms part of the Lower Fish Irrigation Scheme. About 25% of the 5032 m tunnel had to be lined with shotcrete. Between February...
Site Measurement of Shotcreting Dust
Shotcreting is broadly used today as an excellent lining system, which enables to assure rapidly the stability of excavated rock surface. This system however leaves room for improvements...
New Developments in Tunnel Lining by Help of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete
The combination of single shell structures in tunnelling with the use of steel-fibre-reinforced concrete is decisively able to reduce the costs of tunnel projects. Several variants of...
Use of Steel-Fiber Reinforced Wet-Mix Shotcrete in Extreme Rock-Bursting Conditions
If the stresses close to tunnels or caverns exceed the capacity of the surrounding rock, rock-bursting might start. When tunneling in such rock conditions the need for a safe, quick and...
Steel Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete?For Rock Support and Fire Protection
Rapid development in concrete technology and development of equipment has led to a change from dry hand-operated to wet robot shotcreting in Norway. Shotcrete of more than 100 MPa cube...
Advances in Shotcrete Technology for Support of Underground Openings in Canada
This paper presents a broad overview of the state-of-the-art of shotcrete technology for support of underground openings in Canada. Advances in shotcrete technology such as the introduction...
Design of Shotcrete Linings at the Channel Tunnel
Shotcrete is one of the essential support elements of tunnels driven according to the principles of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM). Whereas originally the NATM was mainly based...
Construction of Shotcrete Linings Channel Tunnel
Without the use of shotcrete and the flexibility it offers in terms of tunnel profile, economy and speed of tunnelling, the project would certainly not be as far advanced as it is at present....
Route 5: Steel Fibre Shotcreting in Shing Mun Tunnels Hong Kong?Specifying for Innovation
The Shing Mun tunnels form the central 2.6 km length of the Route 5 Highway connecting Tsuen Wan and Sha Tin New Towns, Hong Kong. The crossing of one of the areas was particularly difficult,...
Fibre Reinforced Shotcrete Case Studies of Wet and Dry Processes
Both wet shotcrete and fibre reinforced shotcrete are being increasingly utilised in the South African mining industry. This Paper describes two applications of fibre reinforced shotcrete...
A Review of Sprayed Concrete Linings Adopted at Dinorwig Power Station
Sprayed concrete was adopted extensively as one element of both temporary and permanent rock support during the construction of the 1800 MW Dinorwig underground power station in North...
Dynamic Response of Tunnels in Jointed Rocks
We describe the application of the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to the dynamic analysis of the response of tunnels in jointed rocks to earthquake loading. In situations where large motions...
Stress Wave Loading of a Tunnel: A Benchmark Study
Five different finite element or discrete element computer codes were used to solve a sequence of problems leading to the problem of stress-wave loading of a circular tunnel in a jointed...
Wind Engineering?Engineering for Wind Damage Mitigation
The establishment in 1970 of a new engineering discipline, wind engineering, was motivated by property damage caused by windstorms of 1970 known as the Lubbock Tornado and Hurricane Celia....
Inelastic Behavior and Seismic Design of a Highway Shield Tunnel
Nonlinear behavior of shield tunnels required for seismic design by means of Seismic Deformation Method is presented based on dynamic loading tests. Application of the test results to...
Full Model Wind Tunnel Tests for the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge
In order to carry out final verification of the wind resistance safety of the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge under construction, which has the largest main span of 1,990 m, its full aeroelastic...
Wind Tunnel Testing for the Great Belt East Suspension Bridge
This paper provides an overview of model tests conducted to study and predict the aerodynamic behavior of the proposed streamlined box-girder suspension bridge for the Great Belt Link....
A Wind Tunnel Study of an Aeroelastic Model of the Florida Suncoast Dome
Very large scale cable domes have been built using prestressed, high strength steel cable or strand, steel tube columns and a lightweight fiberglass skin. Geiger Engineers Florida Suncoast...
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