Maximum Scour Below Dams Caused by Over-Fall Flow

by Tsan-Wen Wang, Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei, Taiwan,
Chao-Wen Cheng, Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei, Taiwan,



Document Type: Proceeding Paper

Part of: Hydraulic Engineering

Abstract:

The scour of sediment below a check dam caused by over-fall flow will lead to the destruction of dams. The formation of the scour hole below the dam will lead to shorten the seepage lines, increase the effective head and increase the seepage amounts. These three reasons will cause the damage of dams. Therefore, the estimation of scour depth is one of the main tasks for the safety of a check dam. Theoretical consideration based on momentum principle and the dimensional analysis are used to derive and discuss the relationships among the scour depth, flow properties, and sediment properties. Experimental data obtained from laboratory test are used to verify the accuracy of formulas. The study shows that the relative maximum depth of scour below dams is a function of dam drop number, flow and sediment properties. Empirical formulas based on experimental data are also presented to express the relative maximum depth of scour below dams.

Subject Headings: Scour | Dams | Sediment | Seepage | Laboratory tests | Soil water | Dam safety

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